Water heater



Feb. 24. 1925.

J. A. LlPsHlTz WATER HEATER Fi'led Feb. 9,k 1924i 2 Shoots-Sheet 1 /N VEA/TOR Jaco AL/PSH/Tz A TTORNE Y Fab. 24. 1925.

J. A. LIPSHITZ WATER HEATER Filed Feb. 9,

1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 JACOB /LZ/PsH/rz [N VEN TUR secr/0N B v path of these gases so Patented Feb. 24, 1925.

.moon A. Liisriirz, or BERLIN, GERMANY.

WATER HEATER.

Application filed rIfebruary 9, v19,24. ,-Serial No. 691,714.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB A. LIrsI-irrz, citizen of Russia, and reside-nt of 37 Hauptstrasse, Gartenhouse, Slioenenberg, Berlin, in the State otGernia1iy,.l'iave invented certain new land `useful Improvements in .Water Heaters, of which the 'follr'iwing lis a s'peci cation.

My invention relates to Aapparatus ior heating' water and has a particular reterence to heaters in which the water comes in a direct Contact lwith hot products of Combustion.

The object of my invention is to provide heater in which water could be heated instantly to aydesired temperature, in which the volume of water delivered and its teinperature could be controlled independently, and in which the. heat of products of combustion could be utilized with the highest eliciency.

For this purpose I provide a jacketed chimney over a burner, forcing the hot gases to flow downwards in the jacket and introducing water inthe `:torm of a spray `in the that the water becomes instantly hea-ted and, after condensation, can be used in any manner desired.

.My invention is more fully described in the accompanying drawings and specification in which l Fig. l is a sectional elevation of my heater, Fig. 2 is a detailed view ot a centrifugal spraying nozzle, Fig. 3 is a top view partly in section, Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of a simplified heater, Fig. 5 is a top view of same partly in section, and Fig. 6 is a partial sectional elevation of a modified construction.

My heater consists of a cylindrical conical chimney forming a combustion chamber l with a burner 2 underneath. This burner is made in the form of a hollow ring with a number of apertures 3 and a leading in supply pipe 4. rlhe gas escaping|` lroin the apertures 3 is ignited and burns in the form ot jets of flame 5. These apertures may be on .the side or on the top of the ring, and the burner itself may be made in any convenient shape and form forl a gaseous or liquid fuel and, even, as agrate for a solid i'uel (the. latter variation not shown).

The chimney l with the burner 2 rest on supporting legs 6 (the lower portion of which are not shown). Ahousing oi'jaclret Athe well this nut ,y ,Elastic gaskets 1 5`V are placedibetw 7 is placed around the .chimney l, so that anannular chamber Sis formed betweeiithe j ali'et 'and theV oliinineyl A5 circiilar .water well 9'is Ifplaced"on .top of tliefjicletpr `liousing V''forniing a' :top cover.l for this housing. 'Fliewal'ls ofthehousingv yWare higher'than'the wallsfo'f thechimney l :so that@ `spacel .is piiovic'led'fory Athe gases ,to flow tronil the chimney into vthe charnber ,8 (arrows le). `lflie well `9 l,hasa eeiitral aperture lifter .a water feedf pipe 12j 'The end of the pipe12 is threaded for a nut 18, 9` beingV thereby clampedbetwe'en i3 `and 4a ,flange 14 on "thepi'pe 12. en the V:initl and the .well andbetween tlfie'flange 14 and' the I Y l A j leakage through ,these oints.

well in order tof prevent water fstiffening bushingl may be placed insideoff the well 9 inorder to preventhit from collapsing under j the tensionof the nut ll. `aperturesv17 `in `the pipel2 18v in the bushing ,16

establish communication be l2 andthe well 9.

The bottomof the well 9 is provided .with

anumber of threaded apertures `for spray *WeenV A:they pipe nozzles 19shown in detailfin Fig. 2. Aplug 2O is placed inside of each nozzle,

a Spiral separator 2l being wedged between the plug and the walls of the nozzle. The water, flowing downwards thro-ugh the nozzle, tol-` lows a spiral path in the separator and thereby acquires a rapid rotation, so that the centrifugal ,'orce throws the water in the form oci' a fine spray after it leaves the lower aperture 22in the nozzle. I donot wish, however, to conne myself to this particular form of a nozzle, as any nozzle which can give a fine spray of water may be used in my apparatus.

In order to control the `How of water through these nozzles a valve is employed on a water feed pipe 24. The stemfo` this valve ends with atapered plug 25 adapted to close the bottom end of the pipe l2.

A second water feed pipe 26 extends from the valve 23 to the flange 14 under the well 9, encircling the iirst pipe 12. Theupper end of t-he pipe is closed with the flange :14 but is provided with spray pipes 27 terminatng with nozzles 28. ,A flange 29 on the valve stein 30 serves as a closing" valve for the lower `end ofthe pipe 'fThe taper of the plug 25 soproportioned thatthepipe `1,2 is stillclosed when the pipe26 is already slightly opened, and only with further turning of the valve stem both pipes become fully opened. lVith this arrangement it is possible to open at first only pipe 26 thereby having a reduced amount of water flowing from the nozzles 28 only.

A vent hole 31 is provided at the bottom of the chamber 8 through which gases can flow into a condensing chamber 32 and a chimney 33. A plurality of battling plates 311 are placed in the condenser 32 at different angles with each other and so arranged that a stream of water flowing on these plates from the well 9 through a nozzle 34',

is brokeninto a plurality of sprays `in opposition to the gaseous products of combustion flowing from the mixing chamber 8 into the chimney 33.

The water from the nozzles and from the condenser collects at the bottom of the mixing chamber 8 and isY removed through a faucet 35.

ln order to use my heater for a. shower' "bath l provide a second valve 36 with a nozzle 37 in a chamber 38 formed in the faucet 35. A Venturi tube 39 is placed above the nozzle 37 leading through a vertical pipe Ll0 to a shower attachment L11.

The operation of my heater is as follows. The fuel is turned on and ignited in the burner, then the valve handle 30 turned olf to let the water ow through the pipe 12 into well 9 and nozzles 19, and through the pipe2 into pipes 27 and nozzles 28. The water will emerge from these nozzles in the form of a line spray, collecting at the bottom of the chamber 8. The hot gases from the chimney 1, flowing in the same direction as this spray of water, will heat the water particles, exhausting with most of its heat taken away into the condenser 32. Here the last of the heat of the gases will be taken away from them by the opposite stream of water from the baffling plates 34k. rlhis stream or spray of waterV will also condense whatever steam may have been generated in the mixing chamber 8, the condensate flowing back into this chamber. rlhe heated water from the bottom of the mixing chamber flows into a well 38 and delivery pipe 35.

lf the valve stem 3() is turned further then the cone 25 leaves an opening in the lower end of the pipe 12thereby admitting water into this pipe and through apertures 16 and 18 into the well 9 and nozzles 19. A larger volume of water will be then admitted into the mixing chamber 8 through com` bined action of the nozzles 28 and 19.

Water being delivered to the pipes 12 and 26 under a certain pressure, it forces the spray from the nozzles into the chamber 8 with a considerable velocity filling coinpletely the circular spacein this chamber with a water mist which acts like a piston, thereby creating a strong suction effect on the gases from the combustion chamber 1. This artificial draft helps materially to obtain a perfect combustion at the burners without any assistance from the chimney 33. lWith this arrangement it is possible to eX- tract all the available heat from the gaseous products of combustion before they reach the chimney 33 as my heater does not depend on the chimney draft for its proper operation.

Nith a double yrow of nozzles 19 and 28 and a double valve 23 it is possible to regulate very finelyr the amount of water delivered and its temperature. litli a reduced amount of water needed and a throttled valve fewer nozzles are set in operation, so that the water leaves these nozzles with a sufficient force to break itself into a line spray which is essential for the proper functioning of my apparatus. lf there was only one set of nozzles, then with the valve throttled below a certain limit the water would not have sufficient velocity to ferm a spray and would leave the nozzles in drops. The suction effect will then be lost and the efficiency of the apparatus impaired.

ln order to operate the shower attach ment the valve 36 is opened thereby admitting water from the water supply pipe 2a into the nozzle 37. rlhe water, emerging at high speed, passes into the Venturi tube 39 forcing also some of the hot water from the well 38 into the shower pipe 40 and the shower nozzle 41. rlhe force and the teni` perature of the shower 'may be regulated by turning the valve handle 42.

A simplified construction is illustrated in Figs. l and 5. Here only one set of spray nozzles 19 is used, consequently a single acting valve 23 is sufficient. Condenser with baffling plates is also eliminated. This construction may be used when a cheaper device is recpiired1 and when wide regulation of the water rdelivered is not needed.

Another modification is represented in Fig. 6 with an open upper well L13 under a common roof ad with the condenser The water from the pipe 12 is delivered through nozzles 15 into'the well 13, and from the pipe 26 into spray nozzles 28. The remainder of the construction (not shown) is the same as in Fig. 1.

Important advantages of my water heater are that it is very efficient on account of the full utilization of the heat of the burned fuel, also because it is adapted to produce an artificial draft which causes better and more complete combustion, that the heated water is delivered very quickly after the apparatus has been set in operation, and that the temperature of this water and its amount can be eliiciently regulated.

l claim as my invention:

1. In awater heater, the combination with llO.

a burner, a combustion chamber containing said burner, a mixing chaniber adjacent to said combustion clnunber, and adapted to receive the products oi combustion from said combustion chamber, means to introduce Water in the form or a tine spray into said mixing' chamber in the same direction in Which said products of combustion are liowing, and means to remove the heated Water from the bottom ot said mixing` chamber.

2. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber enclosing said burner, a mixing chamber adapted to receive. products oi combustion Afrom said combustion chamber, means to introduce Water in the upper portion ot said mixing chamber, said means being adapted to distribute Water in the t'orm ot a tine spray and to direct said spray so as to increase the draft through said burner.

3. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber extending vertically above said burner, a mixing chamber encircling said combustion chamber, a chimney connected with the lower portion ot said mixing chamber, a Water well above said combustion and said mixing chamber, a plurality ot nozzles in said mixing chamber connected With said Well and adapted to deliver Water from said Well in the form ot a line spray and further adapted to force said spray in a direction of movement ot the products ol' combustion from said burners.

1l. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber above said burner, a mixing chamber extending downwards from the upper end of said combustion chamber, a water Well above said mixing` chamber, an exhaust chimney connected With the lower portion of said mixing chamber, a plurality oi nozzles in said Water Well directed into said mixing chamber, means to impart a rotary movement to the Water passing through said nozzles, and means to remove the Water condensed at the bottom of said mixing chamber.

5. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chimney above said burner, a mixing chamber arranged concentric-ally with said combustion chimney, the upper portion of said combustion chimney and ot said mixing chamber being in a communication with each other, an exhaust chimney connected with the lower portion ot said mixing chamber, means to deliver Water into the upper portion of said mixing chamber, including` a plurality of nozzles in a cooperative relation to said Water delivering means, spiral cores inside of said nozzles, and means to regulate the amount of Water delivered to said nozzles.

G. In a Water heater, the combination With a burner, a cylindrical combustion chamber inclosing said burner, a mixing chamber adapted to receive products ot vcoml'iustion from said combustion chamber, means to deliver water in the form of a ne spray into said mixing chamber, an exhaust chimney connected with said mixing chamber, and means to condense the water vapors reaching said chimney from said mixing chamber/ 7. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber enclosing said burner, a mixing chamber connected with said combustion chamber, means to introduce Water in the torni of a fine spray in said mixing chamber in the path of the products of combustion from said combustion chamber, means to regulate the amount oi Water delivered into said mixing chamber, and means to maintain said tine spray in said mixing chamber with a reduced amount of Water delivered.

8. In a water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber enclosing said burner, a mixing chamber connected with said combustion chamber, a water Well on top of said chambers, a plurality of nozzles in said Well directed into said mixing chamber, a pipe passing through said combustion chamber and adapted to deliver cold water to said Well, means to clamp said Well to said pipe, and means t0 regulate the Water tlovv through said pipe.

9. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber enclosing said burner, a mixing chamber connected With said combustion chamber, a plurality of nozzles in the upper portion of said mix` ing chamber, means to deliver cold Water to said nozzles, means to regulate the amount oit' Water delivered to said nozzles, and means to regulate the number ot' nozzles in operation in accordance With the amount of Water delivered.

10. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamberpenclosing said burner, a mixing chamber encircling said combustion chamber, a Water Well. on top of said chambers, aI plurality ot' nozzles in said Well directed into said mixing chamber, a second Water supply pipe leading into said mixing chamber, a plurality ol' nozzles connected with said second Water supply pipe, a common valve for said Water supply pipes, said valve being adapted to open one of said pipes ahead of the other, and means to deliver cold Water to said valve.

l1. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a combustion chamber enclosing said burner, a mixing chamber concentric With said combustion chamber, a Water Well on top of said chambers, a plurality of nozzles in said Water well, a pipe connected With said Well and passing through said combustion chamber, a second pipe encircling said first pipe and leading to the top of said mixing chamber, a plurality of nozzles connected with said second pipe in said mixing chamber, a valve adapted to receive both of said pipes, a flat disc in said valve adapted to close the outer pipe, a cone in said valve adapted to close the inner pipe,

said disc being adapted to open the Outerpipe before said cone opens said inner pipe, and means to deliver Water to said valve.

l2. in a water heater, the combination with a burner, a plurality of chambers adapted to conduct the products of combustion from said burners, means to produce a moving column or". a line water mist in said chambers, the movenient ot said Water mist being* in the same direction in which said products or" combustion are moving. and means to remove the condensed and heated water 'from said chambers.

13. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a plurality of chambers adapted to conduct the products of combustion Jfrom said burners, a plurality of noz-- zles in the path of said products of combustion, means to impart a rotary motiolr to the Water` passing through said nozzles, means to deliver Water to said nozzles, and means to remove the condensed and heated Water from said chambers.

14. In a Water heater, the combination with a burner, a plurality of chambers adapted to conduct the products of comhustion from said burner, means to introduce l Water in the form of a fine spray in the path of said products .of combustion, a condenser adapted to condense the Water vapors from said chambers and means to remove the con` densed and heated water from said chambers.

Signed at Berlin in the country of Gren many and State of Prussia. this 23rd day of January A. D. 1924.

JACOB A. LIPSHITZ. 

